1 2008-8892 Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd 223 Heart Nanofiber Expansion of Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells skandari F Allahverdi A Nasiri H Azad M Kalantari N Soleimani M Zare-Zardini H 1 12 2015 5 4 170 178 23 11 2015 23 11 2015 Background The aim of this study was the ex vivo expansion of Umbilical Cord Blood hematopoietic stem cells on biocompatible nanofiber scaffolds. Materials and Methods CD133+ hematopoietic stem cells were separated from umbilical cord blood using MidiMacs (positive selection) system by means of monocolonal antibody CD133 (microbeads) subsequently, flowcytometry method was done to assess the purity of separated cells. Isolated cells were cultured on plate (2 Dimensional) and fibronectin conjugated polyethersulfon nanofiber scaffold, simultaneously (3 Dimensional). Colony assay test was performed to show colonization ability of expanded cells. Results Cell count analysis revealed that expansion of hematopoietic stem cells in 2dimensional (2D) environment was greater than 3dimensional (3D) condition (p =0.01). Assessment of stem cell- phenotype after expansions was performed   by flowcytometric analysis which is showed that the maintenance of CD133 marker in expanded cells in 3 dimensional condition were higher than expanded cells in 2 dimensional condition (p=0.01). Moreover, colony assay test was performed before and after of  expansion to show colonization ability of expanded cells both in 3D and 2D culture and results revealed more ability of 3D culture compared with 2D culture (p =0.03). Conclusion The results of current study confirmed that umbilical cord blood CD133+ haematopoietic stem cells are able to expand on fibronectin conjugated polyethersulfon scaffold. These findings indicated that 3D is a proper and valuable cell culture system for hematopoietic stem cells expansion, compared to 2D in invitro situation.
227 Heart Evaluation of Nosocomial Infection in Patients at hematology-oncology ward of Dr. Sheikh children’s hospital Ghasemi A Farhangi H Badiee Z Banihashem A Mosaddegh MR 1 12 2015 5 4 179 185 01 12 2015 01 12 2015 Background Infections in critical care unit are high, and they are serious hospital problems. Infections acquired during the hospital stay are generally called nosocomial infections, initially known as infections arising after 48 h of hospital admission. The mostfrequent nosocomial infections (urinary, respiratory, gastroenteritis and blood stream infection) were common in patients at hospital.The aim was to study, the current status of nosocomial infection, rate of infection among hospitalized children at hematology-oncology ward of Dr. Sheikh children’s hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Materials and Methods Data were collected from 200 patient;#39s records presented with symptoms of nosocomial infection at hematology-oncology ward of Dr. Sheikh children’s hospital from March 2014 to September 2014. Descriptive statistics using percentage was calculated. Results Incidence of nosocomial infections inpatients athematology-oncology ward was 31% (62/200). Of which 69.35% (43/62) blood stream infection being the most frequent followed by 30.64% (19/62) was urinary tract infection (UTI), and the most common blood culture isolate was been  Staphylococcus epidermidis 18 (41.86%), andour study showed that large numbers ofnosocomial UTIs causing by Gram‑negative bacteria. Conclusion This study showed blood stream infection and UTI are the common nosocomial infections among patients athematology-oncology ward. Early recognition of infections and short term use of invasive devices along with proper infection control procedures can significantly decrease the incidence of nosocomial infections in patients. 224 Heart ABO and Rh Blood Type Relationship in Parents with more than One Mehrmohammadi M 1 12 2015 5 4 186 192 23 11 2015 23 11 2015 Abstract Background Parental blood variables are one of the most important medical-biological causes of intellectual and physical-movement disabilities. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between parents’ blood variables (ABO and Rh blood type) and their relationship with frequency of intellectual and physical-movement disabilities in Isfahan province. Materials and Method This was a descriptive-analytical study and 494 samples were selected from mothers with more than one disabled child and mothers with normal child using simple and multistage random methods. The data collection was done through questionnaire. Based on Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20), the reliability of questionnaire was 0.88. The statistical model in this study was a hierarchical log-linear method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.   Results There was a significant relationship between mother’s Rh blood and having disabled child (P=0.002). However no significant relationship between having disabled children and the following variables was found: the father’s Rh blood (p=0.2), father and mother’s Rh blood together (P=0.5), father blood type (P=0.56), mother blood type (P=0.42), and mother and father blood types together (P=0.7). Conclusion Maternal and fetal blood incompatibility (motherwith negative Rh blood and fetus with positive Rh blood) increased the likelihood of being born with disabilities. 225 Heart Health Related Quality of Life, Depression, Anxiety and Stress in AdibHajbaghery m Ahmadi m Poormansouri s 1 12 2015 5 4 193 205 23 11 2015 23 11 2015 Abstract Background Awareness of factors associated with quality of life (QOL) in patients with beta-Thalassemia major (;beta-TM) is necessary to develop clinical programs in order to improve social support and QOL in ;beta-TM patients. This study aimed to examine QoL, depression, anxiety, and stress in ;beta-TM patients in Ahvaz, Iran. Materials and Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on173 ;beta-TM patients aged ;le12 years (12-18=55, ;le19=118). Subjects were selected using a census method. Data collection instrument consisted of three parts including: demographic questions, SF-36 questionnaire and depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DAS-21). Results The participants obtained a mean score of 64.38±18.20 for QOL, 6.4±5.1 for depression, 4.8±3.9 for anxiety, and 7.3±4.9 for stress. Significant relationship was found between QOL and employment (P=0.02) and education level (P<0.001). Patients in the age group of 12-18 years old had higher mean scores in the majority of QoL dimensions than those aged ;le19. The mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress were higher in patients aged ;le19. No significant correlation was observed between QOL and depression, anxiety, stress scores, and other demographic variables. Moreover, a significant inverse correlation was found between QOL and depression (P<0.001,r= -0.62), anxiety (P<0.001,r= -0.55), and stress scores (P<0.001, r= -0.5) . Conclusion This study showed that ;beta-TM patients experienced a considerable decrease both in their overall QoL and in its dimensions. A majority of the ;beta-TM patients were also suffered from mild to severe depression, anxiety, and stress. 226 Heart Cardiac and Hepatic T2*-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Valizadeh N Alinejad V Hejazi S Noroozi M Hashemi A Rahimi B Nateghi Sh 1 12 2015 5 4 206 210 23 11 2015 23 11 2015 Abstract Background Iron overload is the main transfusion related side effects in patients with transfusion dependent hemoglobinopathies. Severe iron deposition in tissues leads to organ dysfunction. Many organs can be affected such as heart, liver, and endocrine organs. Cardiac failure and liver fibrosis are the consequent of Iron overload in transfusion dependent hemoglobinopathy. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a safe, noninvasive, and accurate method for the assessment of iron deposition in different tissues. This study assessed iron levels in liver and heart of the patients with transfusion dependent hemoglobinopathies. Materials and Methods The studied population consisted of 12 patients (7 male and 5 female) with transfusion dependent hemoglobinopathies, aged between 10-18 years old. Then, Cardiac and liver T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were obtained. Results In current study, 1patient (8.33%) had severe, 2 patients (16.66%) had moderate and 2(16.66%) had mild cardiac iron deposition. Out of 12 patients, 1 had severe iron deposition in liver (8.33%), 5(41.66%) and 4(33.33%) had moderate and mild hepatic iron deposition, respectively. Differences between Hepatic and cardiac iron levels were not significant between males and females (p>0.05). Conclusion Since cardiac and liver iron levels were higher than normal in most of the study group, checking ferritin level and liver function test and also echocardiography in shorter intervals (each 3 months) in involved group is suggested instead of checking routinely in 6 month intervals in patients with transfusion dependent hemoglobinopathies. 228 Heart Maternal Hemoglobin Levels during Pregnancy and their Association with Birth Weight of Neonates Moghaddam Tabrizi F Barjasteh S 1 12 2015 5 4 211 217 01 12 2015 01 12 2015 Back ground Anemia in pregnancy is associated with increased rates of maternal and perinatal mortality, premature delivery, low birth weight, and other adverse outcomes Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted on 1405 Iranian pregnant women who delivered during 2015. Blood was collected from all the subjects to measure the hemoglobin (Hb) during 16-19 weeks, 22-24 weeks, and 34-36 weeks of gestation. According to the level of hemoglobin, it is divided into 4 groups. Group 1 Hb > 10.1 gm/100ml (control group), Group 2 Hb= 8.1-10 gm/100ml (mild anemia) Group 3 Hb= 6.5-8 gm/100ml (moderate anemia) Group 4 Hb <6.5 gm/100ml (severe anemia). After delivery, the neonates were weighted within 24 hours after birth. Maternal hemoglobin and birth weights were compared. Results The anemia prevalence was 20.2% (Hb10 g/dl), considered  as normal gave birth to heavier and normal babies (3.3 kg). The severity of anemia during three trimesters was closely associated with birth weight of newborns. Conclusion The low hemoglobin values during three trimesters of pregnancy were associated with low birth weight in Iran. The anemia can lead to intra uterine growth retardation. 229 Heart Is there any relation between Duration of breastfeeding and anemia? Dalili H Baghersalimi a Dalili s Pakdaman F Hassanzadeh Rad A Abbasi Kakroodi M Rezvany SM Koohmanaei Sh 1 12 2015 5 4 218 226 01 12 2015 01 12 2015 Background In the early months of life, Breastfeeding increases chance of survival, reduces recovery time after disease and mortality due to infections such as diarrhea and acute respiratory infections. However, infants who are exclusively breast-fed for more than 6 months in developing countries may be at increased risk of anemia. Therefore, the aim of study was to assess the relation between duration of breastfeeding and anemia. Materials and Methods In this analytical cross-sectional study, 400 neonates registered in primary health care system since birth time. Complete blood count and serum ferritin were obtained. Data were analyzed by chi- square test and regression analysis. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant and 95% confidence interval was noted. Results Results of this study showed that 199 infants were anemic (Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration <11 mg/dl). Ten percent of anemic patients reported Ferritin< 12ng/dl and %25 of anemic children had iron deficiency anemia (IDA). In Binominal logistic regression, merely kind of delivery and duration of breastfeeding were effective factors. Binominal logistic regression also showed that natural vaginal delivery and exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months had a significant influence on anemia. Exclusive breast feeding for 6 months or more increased the likelihood of anemia. In addition, 4 months exclusive breastfeeding decreased 0.686 fold the likelihood of anemia. Conclusion It seems that revision of health program recommendations for iron supplementation can be constructive. National planning to promote the level of knowledge regarding natural vaginal delivery and appropriate period for clamping can be recommended. 230 Heart Nanotechnology and Pediatric Cancer: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment Zare-Zardini H Taheri-Kafrani A Amiri A Shanbedi M Sadri Z Ghanizadeh F Neamatzadeh H Sheikhpour R Keyvani Boroujeni F Daneshmand F 1 12 2015 5 4 227 241 01 12 2015 01 12 2015 Despite development of new approaches for the treatment of cancer disease, it is the second cause of mortality in world. Annually, 30000 persons die in Iran due to cancer diseases. Eighty percent of cancer patients are children which about 50% children lead to death. Given the high rate of cancer-related death, the new approaches for prevention, control, early diagnosis, and treatment of this disease seem necessary.  Investigation of new strategies is the major challenge for scientists at recent century. Nanotechnology as a new scientific field with novel and small compounds utilized different fields over the past ten years especially in medicine. This science has come to the forefront in the areas of medical diagnostics, imaging, and therapeutic scheduls. Therefore, it has the potential applications for cancer detection and therapy. This review will discuss the therapeutic applications of different nano-materials in diagnosis, imaging, and delivery of therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer with a major focus on their applications for the treatment of cancer and cancer- related diseases in children. The advancements in established nanoparticle technologies such as liposomes, polymer micelles, and functionalization regarding tumor targeting and controlled release strategies as well as drug delivery were discussed. It will also review the blood toxicity of used nanostructures. 233 Heart The Association of Mean Platelet Volume with Intra Ventricular Hemorrhage and Broncho Pulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants Bolouki Moghaddam K Zarkesh M Kamali A Dalili S Heidarzadeh A Hassanzadeh A 1 12 2015 5 4 227 232 05 12 2015 05 12 2015 Background Interventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and Broncho pulmonary dysplasia(BPD) commonly occur in premature infants and they associate with platelet dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of MPV and occurrence of IVH and BPD. Materials and methods In this cross sectional study, 3 groups including IVH, BPD and control were compared. All participants were preterm neonates with <35 weeks of gestation. MPV was recorded during the first 48 hours of life for all cases. Data were reported by descriptive statistics and analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, spearman correlation coefficient, paired T test and multinomial regression analysis in SPSS version 17. Results Higher MPV level was noted in BPD and IVH groups versus control group (9.79±0.73 fl and 10±1.04 fl versus 8.33±0,91 fl p9 fl compared to controls (16.7%) (p<0.0001). Regression analysis showed that only MPV related to the occurrence of IVH (OR=2.200 95%CI p=0.013) and elevated MPV significantly increased duration of O2 therapy (p<0.0001) and mechanical ventilation (p=0.0010). Conclusion MPV value at first 48 hours of life can be noted as a simple biomarker for occurrence of BPD and specially IVH in preterm infants 231 Heart Trismus Resulting from Infantile Hemangioma of the Parotid: A Rare Case Report Zarepur E Moghimi M 1 12 2015 5 4 242 245 01 12 2015 01 12 2015 by increasing number of vessels. Salivary gland tumors are uncommon and their overall incidence is about 3 per 100000 per year. Salivary gland hemangioma makes up 1 % of all salivary gland tumors. Trismus resulting from parotid hemangioma is so rare. The patient was a 6-month-old boy with a huge lesion in his right parotid who referred to Shahid sadoughi hospital of Yazd, Iran. The lesion appeared at 4 months of age and had rapid growth and was suspected as hemangioma after clinical examination and patient had trismus. The lesion was excised without any complications. Five months after surgery, area of the lesion appeared normal. Parotid hemangioma has low potential to turn into malignant form but early detection and biopsy are necessary for decreasing complications. Removal of the mass was the best treatment for the patients with large or complicated hemangioma however, it should be performed with caution because the tissues may bleed profusely. Patients may have long term survival after surgery.