en هماتولوژی Hematology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><strong>Background:</strong> Splenomegaly and hypersplenism are common complications in thalassemia that may require splenectomy. Although total splenectomy (TS) effectively improves hematologic parameters, it is associated with increased risks of infection and thrombosis. Partial splenectomy (PS) has been proposed as a spleen-preserving alternative to reduce these complications. This study compares the clinical outcomes of PS and TS in patients with thalassemia.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> In this retrospective study, 74 thalassemia patients who underwent splenectomy from 2011 to 2018 were analyzed (median follow-up: 4 years). Twenty-five patients (33.8%) underwent PS, and 49 (66.2%) underwent TS. The outcomes, including hematologic improvement, transfusion intervals, incidence of diabetes mellitus, thrombotic events, and infection-related complications, were compared between the groups. The results were analyzed using an independent t-test, Fisher&rsquo;s exact test, and logistic regression.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> In this study, both PS and TS groups showed significant post-operative improvements in hemoglobin levels (P < 0.0001). However, complications varied notably between the two groups. Diabetes mellitus developed in 12 patients (16.2% overall); only one case (4%) occurred in the PS group, while 11 cases (22.4%) were observed in the TS group. This corresponded to a significantly higher odds of diabetes after total splenectomy (OR = 6.9; 95% CI: 0.22&ndash;32.22; P = 0.04). The wide confidence interval reflects the small number of events, particularly in the PS group. Moreover, 13 cases of infection were observed exclusively in the TS group.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Partial splenectomy may serve as a safer alternative to total splenectomy in thalassemia patients, providing hematologic benefits while reducing the risk of infectious and metabolic complications. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate this finding.</span></span></div> Beta Thalassemia, Hypersplenism, Splenectomy, Thalassemia intermedia 948 960 http://ijpho.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1019-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mahdi Shahriari Mahdi Shahriari drmahdi.shahriari@gmail.com 0000-0001-5104-9590 No Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Professor of pediatric hematology and oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Seyed Abbas Banani Seyed Abbas Banani Bananisa@sums.ac.ir 0000-0003-2246-4036 No Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Professor of pediatric surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Asghar Bazrafshan Asghar Bazrafshan bazrafsha1346@gmail.com 0000-0003-3724-1687 No Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Assistant professor of pediatric hematology and oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Sezaneh Haghpanah Sezaneh Haghpanah haghpanah@sums.ac.ir 0000-0002-8666-2106 No Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Associate professor, Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Ali Bahador Ali Bahador hospitalabualisina@gmail.com 0000-0002-5099-7967 No Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Professor, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Nader Shakibazad Nader Shakibazad nshakibazad@gmail.com 0000-0002-5124-6380 Yes Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran Associate professor of pediatric hematology and oncology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran