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Evaluation of Nosocomial Infection in Patients at hematology-oncology ward of Dr. Sheikh children’s hospital
Dr A Ghasemi, Dr H Farhangi , Dr Z Badiee , Dr A Banihashem , Dr Mr Mosaddegh ,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (12-2015)
Abstract

Background

Infections in critical care unit are high, and they are serious hospital problems. Infections acquired during the hospital stay are generally called nosocomial infections, initially known as infections arising after 48 h of hospital admission. The mostfrequent nosocomial infections (urinary, respiratory, gastroenteritis and blood stream infection) were common in patients at hospital.The aim was to study, the current status of nosocomial infection, rate of infection among hospitalized children at hematology-oncology ward of Dr. Sheikh children’s hospital, Mashhad, Iran.

Materials and Methods

Data were collected from 200 patient's records presented with symptoms of nosocomial infection at hematology-oncology ward of Dr. Sheikh children’s hospital from March 2014 to September 2014. Descriptive statistics using percentage was calculated.

Results

Incidence of nosocomial infections inpatients athematology-oncology ward was 31% (62/200). Of which 69.35% (43/62) blood stream infection being the most frequent followed by 30.64% (19/62) was urinary tract infection (UTI), and the most common blood culture isolate was been  Staphylococcus epidermidis 18 (41.86%), andour study showed that large numbers ofnosocomial UTIs causing by Gram‑negative bacteria.

Conclusion

This study showed blood stream infection and UTI are the common nosocomial infections among patients athematology-oncology ward. Early recognition of infections and short term use of invasive devices along with proper infection control procedures can significantly decrease the incidence of nosocomial infections in patients.


Platelet Indices as Useful Indicators of Urinary Tract Infection
Dr Alisha Akya , Dr Zahra Rostami-Far , Mrs Roya Chegene Lorestani, Mrs Sedigheh Khazaei, Mrs Azam Elahi , Dr Mosayeb Rostamian , Mrs Bahare Andayeshgar , Dr Keyghobad Ghadiri ,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background: The changes of platelet parameters can be a useful index for rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI), since platelet changes are routinely determined through complete blood count (CBC) test. The correlation between platelet indices, included number (PLTs), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW), which are the indicators of production and function of platelets, with UTI was evaluated in this study.        
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 97 patients with UTI (patient group) and 117 healthy people (control group). The average age for the patient and the control group was 10.84±6.68 and 11.34±7.1 years old, respectively. This study was done during 2016-2018 in Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah, west of Iran. The PLT, MPV, PDW, and other inflammatory indices, including white blood cell, neutrophils, lymphocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated. The diagnosis of bacteria was done using routine microbiological and biochemical methods. The platelet indices were statistically compared between the patients and the control groups (T test and Chi square test).
Results: The most common isolated gram negative and gram positive bacteria were E. coli, Citrobacter, and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. In the patient group, PLT number was significantly higher than that in the control group (p=0.0007), while difference of other indices such as MPV, PDW, neutrophils, lymphocytes, CRP, and ESR were not statistically significant between the two groups. In case of UTI with gram positive bacteria, PLT number (p=0.05) was lower but MPV (p=0.02) and PDW (p=0.045) was higher compared to the UTI with gram negative bacteria.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the platelet number could be a useful diagnostic index for urinary tract infection. However, more studies need to be done with higher number of patients to evaluate the more details of platelet changes during UTIs.

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