en . قلب Heart پژوهشي Research <div><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperglycemia is one of the most complications of corticosteroid and asparaginase during induction phase of chemotherapy in children suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).<br> This study was carried out to evaluate the incidence of hyperglycemia and associated risk factors during chemotherapy induction phase at Amirkola Children&#39;s Hospital.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional (retrospective) study, 150 children (mean age: 79.16&plusmn;42.68 months) with ALL were evaluated (2000- 2011). Hyperglycemia was described as random blood glucose level more than 200mg/dl in patients less than 2 years old. In patients older than 2 years, fasting blood glucose level more than 110-125 mg/dl was considered as impaired glucose level and fasting blood glucose level more than 126 mg/dl was defined as diabetes mellitus. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 18) and running chi square test, pearson Ccorrelation, and logistic regression. P-values less than0.05 was considered statistically significant.<br> <strong>Results: </strong>Out of 150 children with ALL, 21 (14%) of them had hyperglycemia, but none of them had diabetic ketoacidosis. Hyperglycemia was significantly associated with gender (P=0.014) and age. (P=0.000) which was more likely in patients older than 10 years. The incidence of hyperglycemia was also related to BMI (P=0.000). Relapse rate for ALL was 14.7%, which was not significantly associated with hyperglycemia.<br> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hyperglycemia was common and transient during induction phase of chemotherapy and it was correlated with age, sex, and weight.<br> &nbsp;</div> Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Hyperglycemia, Induction Chemotherapy 66 72 http://ijpho.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-663-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ahmad Tamaddoni drtamaddoni@yahoo.com 0000000236848754 No Associated Professor, Pediatric Hematologist & Oncologist, Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. Morteza Alijanpour m.alijanpour@yahoo.com Yes Assistant Professor, Pediatric Endocrinologist, The Clinical Research Development Unit of Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. Hassan Mahmoudi mahmoodi86@yahoo.com No Associated Professor, Pediatric Hematologist & Oncologist, Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. Beniamin Miladi No GP, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. Ali Bijani No Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Ehsan Assadollahi No GP, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. Faeze Aghajanpour faezeaghajanpour@yahoo.com 0000-0002-1698-6906 No Student of Statistics (MSc), Department of Statistics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, IR Iran.