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Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol 2026, 16(2): 839-850 |
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Ethics code: IR.SSU.MEDICINE.REC.1403.014
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Ranjbar S, Nasiriani K, Narouei S, Askari N, Nazmiah H. Perspectives on Leukemia in Children under 15 Years of Age: Convergence of Clinical and Statistical Information in the Center of Iran. Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol 2026; 16 (2) :839-850
URL: http://ijpho.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1024-en.html
URL: http://ijpho.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1024-en.html
Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Noncommunicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iranhahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran and Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran & Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Noncommunicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Abstract: (28 Views)
Background: Leukemia is the most common childhood malignancy. Understanding its clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in different regions is essential for early detection and timely management. Despite limited exhaustive studies in central Iran, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the clinical and laboratory data collected in Yazd Province over a ten-year period.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective descriptive study analyzed 378 children under 15 diagnosed with leukemia at Shahid Sadoughi Hospital between 2014 and 2023. Data included demographics, clinical symptoms, and blood counts. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v20 with Chi-square and ANOVA tests, considering P < 0.05 as significant.
Results: This study included 213 males (56.6%) and 165 females (43.7%)(M: F =1.29:1), with a mean diagnostic age of 5.42 ± 3.85 years; 61.4% were ≤ 5 years old. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was the predominant subtype (89.7%). Fever (46%), bone pain (27.5%), and weakness/lethargy (26.2%) were the most common clinical manifestations. The subtype analysis revealed that ecchymosis and respiratory symptoms were significantly more frequent in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) than in patients ALL (30.3% vs. 14.1%, P = 0.03; and 21.2% vs. 7.1%, P = 0.01, respectively), while weight loss was highest in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) (40%, P = 0.03). Hematologic abnormalities included anemia (85.4%), thrombocytopenia (59.2%), and hyper leukocytosis (17.2%). Median WBC was higher in CML (31 mm³), whereas median lymphocyte percentages were higher in ALL (60 %). Males also had higher RBC counts (P = 0.039).
Conclusion: The findings confirm that ALL is the predominant leukemia in this population. The disease often presents with nonspecific systemic symptoms, highlighting the critical role of complete blood count as an essential screening tool for early diagnosis. Recognizing these patterns may support earlier referral, diagnosis, and initiation of appropriate treatment.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective descriptive study analyzed 378 children under 15 diagnosed with leukemia at Shahid Sadoughi Hospital between 2014 and 2023. Data included demographics, clinical symptoms, and blood counts. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v20 with Chi-square and ANOVA tests, considering P < 0.05 as significant.
Results: This study included 213 males (56.6%) and 165 females (43.7%)(M: F =1.29:1), with a mean diagnostic age of 5.42 ± 3.85 years; 61.4% were ≤ 5 years old. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was the predominant subtype (89.7%). Fever (46%), bone pain (27.5%), and weakness/lethargy (26.2%) were the most common clinical manifestations. The subtype analysis revealed that ecchymosis and respiratory symptoms were significantly more frequent in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) than in patients ALL (30.3% vs. 14.1%, P = 0.03; and 21.2% vs. 7.1%, P = 0.01, respectively), while weight loss was highest in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) (40%, P = 0.03). Hematologic abnormalities included anemia (85.4%), thrombocytopenia (59.2%), and hyper leukocytosis (17.2%). Median WBC was higher in CML (31 mm³), whereas median lymphocyte percentages were higher in ALL (60 %). Males also had higher RBC counts (P = 0.039).
Conclusion: The findings confirm that ALL is the predominant leukemia in this population. The disease often presents with nonspecific systemic symptoms, highlighting the critical role of complete blood count as an essential screening tool for early diagnosis. Recognizing these patterns may support earlier referral, diagnosis, and initiation of appropriate treatment.
Type of Study: Research |
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Received: 2025/12/22 | Accepted: 2026/03/28 | Published: 2026/03/28
Received: 2025/12/22 | Accepted: 2026/03/28 | Published: 2026/03/28
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