Background: Sodium bicarbonate serum therapy is used for compensation bicarbonate lost and increasing blood pH in metabolic acidosis caused by severe anemia in patient with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The aim of present study was comparison the effect of serum therapy using two different serums (serum with bicarbonate and without bicarbonate) on some renal and hematologic factors and their side effects in patients with hemolysis caused by G6PD deficiency.

Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 79 patients with favism randomly put into two treatment groups, sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride fluid therapy. During treatment, patients received blood based on hemoglobin (Hb). Duration of hospitalization, times of Blood transfusion, received blood volume, duration of cleaning UA of Hb, Hb, urine pH and granular casts in UA were evaluated.

Results: The mean age of patients was 51.22 ± 37.86 months and there were 58 males and 21 females. Only duration of hospitalization and urine pH statistically showed a significant difference between two treatment groups (P=0.036 and P> 0.01, respectively), and other factors were statistically almost identical.

Conclusion: The efficiency of sodium chloride was more than sodium bicarbonate in reducing the duration of hospitalization and the small clinical difference between received blood volumes, hemoglobin changes and duration of removing hemoglobin in UA, suggest, properly, sodium chloride can be more effective on improvement of hemolysis. Lack of side effects such as metabolic acidosis, heart damage and kidney failure in children can be due to controlled injection method, the concentration of soluble drugs and small size of studied population.